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Параличът е вирусна болест, която се съдейства от белтъчно гладуване на пчелите. Най-тежката форма на...
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Незаразно заболяване, засягащо младите пчели кърмачки, протичащо през април и май, по-рядко през...
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Съществуват стотици видове акари. Проблемът с опаразитяването на пчелните семейства с акари и особено с...
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Болестта е незаразна. Представлява отравяне на пчелите, причинено от манов мед. През зимно-пролетния период...
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Акарите носят тежки поражения
- Детайли
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Категория: Болести по пчелите
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Публикувана на Понеделник, 06 Януари 2020 03:52
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Написана от Super User
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Посещения: 2046
Съществуват стотици видове акари. Проблемът с опаразитяването на пчелните семейства с акари и особено с вароатозния (Varroa Destructor) трябва да бъде решаван ежегодно. Трябва да се знае, че акарите се пренасят много от възбудителите на болестите по пчелите и пчелното пило . По този начин се влошава още повече здравословното състояние на семействата и тяхната производителност.
Акарите не са насекоми, а сродни на тях членестоноги. Възрастните имат по един или два чифта крила и по 3 чифта крачка. Те са свободноживеещи паразити по животните, човека, пчелите, дивите и културните растения. Размерите им са малки, а на някои дори микроскопични. В повечето случаи те са безвредни, но някои видове паразитират по растенията, животните, пчелите, нанасят значителни загуби и пренасят различни болести по човека, животните и пчелите. В пчелните кошери досега са открити над 100 различни вида акари, от които само около 5 % са паразити за пчелите, откритото и запечатанато пило. Голяма част от останалите видове обитават растенията или зърнените складове и случайно попадат и временно остават в пчелното гнездо.
Към тази група спадат още външните акари Акарапус дорзалис, Акарапус ваганс, Акарапус екстернус и сърбежния акар Пиемотес ветрикозус. Акарите, паразитиращи по пчелния прашец са: Тироглифус фарине, Глицефагус доместикус и Карпоглифус посуларум. Те разрушават събрания пчелен прашец и се хранят с него.
При опаразитяване на пчелните семейства с акари, една от главните грижи на пчеларя е трудното им откриване в пчелното гнездо (пило, пити, пчелни индивиди и хранителни запаси). Причината за това са не само малките им размери, но и че те са скрити през по-голямата част от жизнения си цикъл в запечатаното пило, в трахеите или между членчетата на коремчето на търтеите и пчелите. Препорачително е да се използва лупа и внимателно да оглеждат както пчелните индивиди, така и запечатаното пило.
