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Подготовка за зимуване на пчелните семейства
- Детайли
-
Категория: Новини
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Публикувана на Сряда, 28 Октомври 2026 03:42
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Написана от Super User
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Посещения: 20
През октомври пчелните семейства навлизат в заключителния етап от активния сезон. Последното пило вече се излюпва, а пчелните майки прекратяват яйцеснасянето. Пчелите започват да подготвят гнездото за зимуване, като прибират меда по-навътре в освободените килийки от последното пило, припомнят експертите от Национална служба за съвети в земеделието. Те не запълват напълно питите в средата на гнездото с мед, а оставят свободни площи срещу входа, където ще образуват зимното кълбо.
Задължения на пчеларя
Октомври е месецът, в който пчеларят извършва последното есенно третиране на семействата срещу пчелната въшка (браулоза) и вароатозата. След приключване на тази профилактика идва време за зазимяване – процес, който трябва да приключи до края на месеца.
Пчелните семейства трябва да се зазимяват с млади и здрави майки от добър произход, като дефектните и старите се подменят. От количеството и качеството на храната зависи благополучното презимуване.
В кошерите Дадан-Блат и Лежак трябва да се оставят минимум 14–18 кг мед, според силата на семейството и зимните условия в района. Всяка пита не бива да съдържа по-малко от 1,5–2 кг мед.
Медът за зимата трябва да бъде нектарен, течен и предимно запечатан. На 1–2 пити трябва да има цветен прашец, поставен от топлата вътрешна страна; най-добре е този прашец да е залят с мед и запечатан от пчелите.
Подготовка на кошерите и пчелина
На входовете на кошерите се поставят предпазители против мишки, а покривите се проверяват да не пропускат вода. През зимата кошерите трябва да бъдат обърнати с входовете на юг или югоизток, за да са защитени от студените северни ветрове и да бъдат огрявани от обедното слънце. Така пчелите се подтикват към по-редовно облитане в топлите дни.
Пчелинът трябва да се огради и обезопаси, за да се осигури спокойно зимуване на пчелните семейства.
